NONE20260606210738432Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal Universityno-reply@balticregion.kantiana.ruImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal UniversityBaltic Region2079-85552310-052406062026151Стратегия Франции в регионе Балтийского моря: военно-политические аспектыA. Yu.Chikhachevhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7648-8087This article examines the current military-political strategy of France in the Baltic region. This area has not traditionally been among the main priorities of French diplomacy. However, under President Emmanuel Macron, France pays closer attention to the Baltic Sea due to the growing tension between Russia and the West. According to France’s key strategic documents, the government assesses the present-day situation mainly in a negative way, considering Russian actions as the main reason for the militarization of the region and expressing its readiness to show solidarity with NATO allies. On this basis, Paris is gradually increasing its military presence in the Baltic region, which now exceeds its contingents in the Middle East and the Sahel. For example, French forces still participate in the NATO air policing programme as well as in naval exercises, keeping the troops in Estonia within the Lynx mission. France’s further activity in the region includes enhanced cooperation with Sweden and Finland after they accede to NATO, an already planned increase in military contingent in the Baltic States in 2023, and the development of the European Political Community project. The author concludes that even if France’s presence in the Baltic does not yet pose a critical threat to Russian security, Paris’s policy is becoming more pro-Atlantic to the detriment of previous statements about ‘European sovereignty’ and dialogue with Russia.0606202641710.5922/2079-8555-2023-1-1https://balticregion.kantiana.ru/baltic_region/5311/40559/Zverev, Yu. М., Mezhevich, N. 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(ed.), Light and Shadows of the «Macron Era, М., Institute of Europe RAS, p. 66—74.Gomart, T. 2020, L’affolement du monde. 10 enjeux géopolitiques, Tallandier, 329 p.Gomart, T. 2022, Guerres invisibles: Nos prochains défis géopolitiques, Tallandier, 324 p.Duclos, M. 2022, La France dans le bouleversement du monde, Editions de l’Observatoire, 320 p.de Montbrial, T. 2021, La politique étrangère de la France: un cap pour les trente prochaines années, Politique étrangère, № 4, p. 9—22.Vaïsse, J. 2017, Le passé d’un oxymore. Le débat français de politique étrangère, Le Monde Diplomatique, Novembre 2017.Fedorov, S. 2018, Russian-French Relations Today: Between Hopes and Doubts, Scientific and Analytical Heraldof the Institute of Europe RAS, № 3, p. 15—22, https://doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran320181522.Alekseenkova, Е. S., Chikhachev, А. Yu. 2022, The Quirinal Treaty: Bilateral Agreement on the EU’s Future? 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(ed.), Light and Shadows of the «Macron Era, М., Institute of Europe RAS, p. 109—114.Zueva, К. 2022, The French policy towards European countries at the post-soviet area, in: Klinova, M. V., Kudriavtsev, A. K., Timofeev, P. P. 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M. 2016, Finland and NATO: How the Forgetting of Lessons of the Past Can Lead to their Repetition, Administrative Consulting, № 4, p. 27—39.Shurkin, M. 2017, The Abilities of the British, French, and German Armies to Generate and Sustain Armored Brigades in the Baltics, RAND Corporation.Pech, T. 2022, Mélenchon et les surgelés de la Guerre froide, Terra Nova, 10 Mars 2022.Chikhachev, А. 2022, Russia — France relations under President Emmanuel Macron: Achievements and inconsistencies, Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International Relations, vol. 15, № 1, p. 86—104, https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.106.«Тяга к двухпартийности» в политической системе Польши: проявления, причины, перспективыI. S.Putintsevhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2576-4467The article analyses the Polish political system and the increasing role of two political parties in it. This tendency has been observed in Poland for more than 15 years. We can draw a conclusion that two-and-a-half-party system has formed in Poland. Using Duverger’s phrasing, there is a “two-party tendency” in the functioning of the Polish model. The study analyses the facts that firm up this conclusion: not only the distribution of seats in the Sejm (the main criterion) but also many other quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the political system contribute to the development of the current political trend. The main goal of this article is to identify the factors that have led to the emergence and development of the tendency and assess the prospects of its further evolution, considering that both leading parties face multiple difficulties. The article concludes by pointing out that Poland is unlikely to continue strengthening its two-party tendency, and could instead return to the multiparty system with many influential parties which is more characteristic of the country historically. However, in recent years the leading role of two parties in the political system has had more positive effects rather than negative ones.06062026183310.5922/2079-8555-2023-1-2https://balticregion.kantiana.ru/baltic_region/5311/40560/Duverger, M. 2013, Politicheskie partii [Political Parties], 5th ed., Moscow, Academic Project. 544 p. (in Russ.).Siaroff, A. 2003, Two-and-a-Half-Party Systems and the Comparative Role of the ‘Half’, Party Politics, vol. 9, № 3, p. 267—290, https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068803009003001.Hou, P. 2020, Menu or Mandate? EU Governance and Party Politics in Poland, Chinese Political Science Review, № 5, p. 588—607, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41111-020-00147-0.Szczerbiak, A. 2008, The Birth of a Bipolar Party System or a Referendum on a Polarizing Government? 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(in Russ.).Tworzecki, H. 2019, Poland: A Case of Top-Down Polarization, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 681, № 1, p. 97—119, https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716218809322.Lykoshina, L. S. 2015, “Pol’sko-pol’skaya voina”: Politicheskaya zhizn’ sovremennoi Pol’shi [“Polish-Polish war”: The Political Life of Contemporary Poland], Moscow, INION RAS. 258 p. (in Russ.).Savenkov, R. V. 2019, Left Parties Today. The Potential of the Opposition in Contemporary Poland, Svobodnaya mysl [Free Thought], № 4, p. 168—181 (in Russ.).Bernhard, M. 2021, Democratic Backsliding in Poland and Hungary, Slavic Review, vol. 80, № 3, p. 585—607, https://doi.org/10.1017/slr.2021.145.Materska-Sosnowska, A. 2011, Instytucjonalizacja polskiego systemu partyjnego — wybrane aspekty, Studia Politologiczne, vol. 22, s. 76—90.Flis, J., Kwiatkowska, A. 2018, Polski system partyjny — idee i identyfikacje, w: Wojtaszczyk, K. A., Stawarz, P., Wiśniewska-Grzelak, J. 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N.Rozanovahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7243-8197The importance of studying the reputation of authorities is connected, on the one hand, with the formation of a consolidated system of political power and, on the other hand, with the highly social orientation of the category of the ‘reputation of authorities’, reflecting the value-based attitude of citizens towards them. The article presents the results of research aimed at the analysis of the reputation of Russian authorities, with a special focus on the regional branch of executive power. The paper examines the reputation of Russian authorities of different levels and branches using the example of regional executive bodies. The author determines the structure and features of the reputation core of the conceptual category ‘Russia’s authorities’ understood both as federal and municipal authorities of the Russian Federation as a whole. The article also offers a comparison of the reputation core of regional executive authorities with that of ‘Russia’s authorities’ in general. The methods used in this research are expert assessment and population surveys conducted in six regions of Central Russia. The study has revealed the main characteristics constituting the reputation core of executive authorities and described their specificity in different regions. Based on the results of the theoretical and empirical analyses, the author proposes a novel approach to defining the structure of the reputation core characteristic of the federal and regional executive authorities. The reputation core is a multi-component conceptual construct dominated by several integrating characteristics such as honesty, responsibility, justice, concern for and protection of citizens. No differences in the structure of the reputation core of the federal and regional executive authorities have been identified. 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The monthly excess mortality rate in the Baltic region is analysed along with regional and municipal Covid-19 response acts to identify regional features affecting the spread of the disease. The spatial characteristics of Russia’s Baltic regions, germane to the propagation of Covid-19, were distinguished by examining selected social and economic statistical indicators. Based on the space of places/space of flows dichotomy, Russia’s Baltic regions can be divided into three spaces: 1) St. Petersburg, the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions (dominated by spaces of flows; highly permeable space); 2) the Republic of Karelia and the Murmansk region (the key factors are rotational employment and the introduction of the virus from without); 3) the Novgorod and Pskov regions (lowly permeable spaces of places; the central role of local foci of the disease). The principal risk factor for the space of flows is the rapid spread of Covid-19 along transport arteries, whilst, within the space of places, the coronavirus spreads through spatial diffusion from isolated foci along short radii. In the former case, local authorities counteracted spatial diffusion by restricting movement in the local labour market; in the latter, by limiting travel between the centre and the periphery. The traditional ideas about positive (openness, centrality) and negative (closedness, peripherality) characteristics of space are reversed in the context of the pandemic: periphery gains the benefit of natural protection from the pandemic, whilst centres become acutely vulnerable.060620269611910.5922/2079-8555-2023-1-6https://balticregion.kantiana.ru/baltic_region/5312/40564/Zemtsov, S. P., Baburin, V. L. 2020, COVID-19: Spatial dynamics and diffusion factors across Russian regions, Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya, vol. 84, № 4, p. 485—505, https://doi.org/10.31857/S2587556620040159 (in Russ.).Zemtsov, S. P., Baburin, V. L. 2020, Сoronavirus in the regions of Russia: features and consequences of the spread, Public Administration, vol. 22, № 2, p. 48—55, https://doi.org/10.22394/2070-8378-2020-22-2-48-55 (in Russ.).Zubarevich, N. V., Safronov, S. G. 2020, Regions of Russia in the acute phase of the covid crisis: differences from previous economic crises of the 2000s, Regional Studies, № 2 (68), p. 4—17, https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2020-2-1 (in Russ.).Yemelyanova, L. L., Lyalina, A. V. 2020, The labour market of Russia’s Kaliningrad exclave amid COVID-19, Baltic region, vol. 12, № 4, p. 61—82, https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2020-4-4 (in Russ.).Khmeleva, G. A., Asanova, S. S. 2022, Export of medical devices and industry integration of Russian regions in the context of COVID-19, Economy of region, vol. 18, № 1, p. 119—130, https://doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2022-1-9 (in Russ.).Gromov, D. V., Erokhina, E. V. 2020, Implementation of the national project «Small and medium-sized businesses and support for individual entrepreneurial initiatives» in the context of the coronavirus pandemic (on the materials of the Kaluga region), Financial markets and banks, № 6, p. 110—113 (in Russ.).Nor-Arevya, O. A. 2021, Сonsolidation of the professional medical community in the context of the coronavirus pandemic (based on in-depth interviews in the Rostov region), Humanitarian of the South of Russia, vol. 10, № 3, p. 77—89, https://doi.org/10.18522/2227-8656.2021.3.6 (in Russ.).Popova, A., Smirnov, V., Ezhlova, E., Mel’nikova, A., Samoilova, L., Lyalina, L., Semenova, E., Gurskiy, M., Aksenova, E., Arbuzova, T., Totolian, A. 2021, Herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the Novosibirsk Region population amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Problems of Virology, vol. 66, № 4, p. 299—309, https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-54 (in Russ.).Rios, V., Gianmoena, L. 2021, On the link between temperature and regional COVID-19 severity: Evidence from Italy, Regional Science Policy & Practice, vol. 13 (S1), p. 109—137, https://doi.org/10.1111/rsp3.12472.Klemeshev, A. P., Korneevets, V. S., Palmowski, T., Studzieniecki, T., Fedorov, G. M. 2017, Approaches to the definition of the Baltic sea region, Baltic Region, vol. 9, № 4, p. 7—28, https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2017-4-1.Telenti, A., Arvin, A., Corey, L., Corti, D., Diamond, M. S., García-Sastre, A., Garry, R. F., Holmes, E. C., Pang, P. S., Virgin, H. W. 2021, After the pandemic: perspectives on the future trajectory of COVID-19, Nature, vol. 596, p. 495—504, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03792-w.Smirvov, Y. A. 2021, Analysis of mortality from the coronavirus infection in Russia, Population, vol. 24, № 2, p. 76—86, https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2021.24.2.7 (in Russ.).Blokh, A. I., Pasechnik, O. A., Kravchenko, E. I., Fetisov, A. O., Obukhova, T. M. 2022, Approaches to excess mortality in the regions of the Russian Federation during the COVID-19 pandemic, Medical almanac, № 1 (70), p. 57—65 (in Russ.).Goroshko, N. V., Patsala, S. V. 2022, Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: Russian regions against the backdrop of the country, Social & labour research, № 1, p. 103—116, https://doi.org/10.34022/2658-3712-2022-46-1-103-116 (in Russ.).Beaney, T., Clarke, J. M., Jain, V., Golestaneh, A. K., Lyons, G., Salman, D., Majeed, A. 2020, Excess mortality: the gold standard in measuring the impact of COVID-19 worldwide?, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, vol. 113, № 9, p. 329—334, https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076820956802.Semeko, G. V. 2021, Demographic development in the context of the pandemic COVID-19: Challenges for the economy, Economic and social problems of Russia, № 3, p. 123—140, https://doi.org/10.31249/espr/2021.03.07 (in Russ.).Goujon, A., Natale, F., Ghio, D., Conte, A. 2022, Demographic and territorial characteristics of COVID-19 cases and excess mortality in the European Union during the first wave, Journal of Population Research, vol. 39, p. 533—556, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12546-021-09263-3.Nepomuceno, M. R., Klimkin, I., Jdanov, D. A., Alustiza-Galarza, A., Shkolnikov, V. M. 2022, Sensitivity Analysis of Excess Mortality due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, Population and Development Review, vol. 48, № 2, p. 279—302, https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12475.Pilyasov, A. N., Zamyatina, N. Y., Kotov, E. A. 2021, The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russian regions in 2020: models and reality, Economy of region, vol. 17, № 4, p. 1079—1095, https://doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-4-3 (in Russ.).Aron, J., Muellbauer, J. 2022, Excess Mortality Versus COVID-19 Death Rates: A Spatial Analysis of Socioeconomic Disparities and Political Allegiance Across U. S. States, The Review of Income and Wealth, vol. 68, № 2, p. 378—392, https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12570.Kapitsinis, N. 2020, The underlying factors of the COVID-19 spatially uneven spread. Initial evidence from regions in nine EU countries, Regional Science Policy and Practice, vol. 12, № 6, p. 1027—1045, https://doi.org/10.1111/rsp3.12340.Ascani, A., Faggian, A., Montresor, S. 2020, The geography of COVID-19 and the structure of local economies: The case of Italy, Journal of Regional Science, vol. 61, № 2, p. 407—441, https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12510.Forman, R., Mossialos, E. 2021, The EU Response to COVID-19: From Reactive Policies to Strategic Decision-Making, Journal of Common Market Studies, vol. 59, S1, p. 56—68, https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13259.Lilleker, D. G., Stoeckle, T. 2021, The challenges of providing certainty in the face of wicked problems: Analysing the UK government’s handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, Journal of Public Affairs, vol. 21, № 4, p. 1—10, https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2733.Orea, L., Álvarez, I. C. 2022, How effective has the Spanish lockdown been to battle COVID-19? A spatial analysis of the coronavirus propagation across provinces, Health Economics, vol. 31, № 1, p. 154—173, https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4437.Amul, G. G., Ang, M., Kraybill, D., Ong, S. E., Yoong, J. 2022, Responses to COVID-19 in Southeast Asia: Diverse Paths and Ongoing Challenges, Asian Economic Policy Review, vol. 17, № 1, p. 90—110, https://doi.org/10.1111/aepr.12362.Castells, M. 1996, The Rise of the Network Society, Volume I: Second Edition With a New Preface, Wiley-Blackwell, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444319514.Schærström, A. 2009, Disease Diffusion. In: Kitchin, R., Thrift, N. (eds.), International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, Amsterdam: Elsevier, p. 222—233.Hägerstrand, T. 1967, Innovation Diffusion as a Spatial Process, University of Chicago Press, 334 p.Rogers, E. M. 2010, Diffusion of Innovations, New York: Simon and Schuster, 518 p.Kuebart, A., Stabler, M. 2020, Infectious diseases as socio-spatial processes: the COVID-19 outbreak in Germany, Tijdschriftvoor Economische en Sociale Geografie, vol. 11, № 3, p. 482—496, https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12429.Tarkhov, S. A. 2022, Spatial features of COVID-2019 diffusion in Russian regions: the view of the transport geographer, Geography, Environment, Sustainability, vol. 15, № 1, p. 87—101, https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-107.Florida, R., Mellander, C. 2022, The geography of COVID-19 in Sweden, The Annals of Regional Science, vol. 68, p. 125—150, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-021-01071-0.Территориальная структура въездного и внутреннего туризма в странах ПрибалтикиA. Y.Aleksandrovahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1772-8431I. V.Krasavtsevhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-8554This paper examines the transformation of the territorial structure of tourism in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The spatial and temporal organisation of tourism in these countries has undergone significant changes since they became independent and joined the EU. These changes have affected the geography of tourist flows and destinations of interest. This study aims to define the geographical and economic peculiarities of the development of tourism in the Baltic States and to identify the central, peripheral and semi-peripheral regions. Elements of the centre-periphery structure were identified through cluster analysis covering the period 2009—2019. Eleven indicators were used to determine the level of socio-economic development, the state of inbound and domestic tourism and the degree of transport infrastructure development. The results of the study suggest that there have been progressive changes in the territorial structure of tourism in the Baltic States. The main centres of attraction are the capitals and their adjacent territories. Horizontal contacts with more developed regions of the EU states and vertical interaction with other regions of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania have a significant impact on the development of tourism activities. Central regions are dominant in terms of attracting tourist flows. This is characteristic of a highly polarized tourism structure. However, many semi-peripheral and peripheral regions have lately improved their position, being integrated into national and cross-border tourism routes and increasing outreach in the tourism market.0606202612013810.5922/2079-8555-2023-1-7https://balticregion.kantiana.ru/baltic_region/5313/40590/Aigina, E. V., Krasavtsev, I. 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V. 2017, Cross-border tourist routes: the potential of Russia’s North-West, Baltiс Region, vol. 9, № 4, p. 129—151, https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2017-4-7.Smith, M. 2015, Baltic health tourism: uniqueness and commonalities, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 15, № 4, p. 357—379, https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2015.1024819Nicula, V., Spânu, S. 2018, Rural and gastronomical tourism in Baltic countries, in: Mărginean, S., Ogrean, C., Orăștean, R. (eds.), Emerging Issues in the Global Economy, Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, Springer, Cham, p. 253—275, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71876-7_23.Anokhin, A. Yu., Kropinova, E. G., Spiryaevas, E. 2021, Developing geotourism with a focus on geoheritage in a transboundary region: the case of the Curonian Spit, a UNESCO site, Baltiс Region, vol. 13, № 2, p. 112—128, https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-2-6.Cottrell, S., Cottrell, J. R. 2015, The state of tourism in the Baltics Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 15, № 4, p. 321—326, https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2015.1081798.Hall, D. 2010, Tourism in semi-rural environments: sustainability issues and experience from the Baltic States, in: Macleod, D., Gillespie, S. (eds.), Sustainable Tourism in Rural Europe, Routledge, p. 91—106.Jacobsen, P. 2018, State of the Tourism Industry in the Baltic Sea Region, 2018 Edition. Rostock: BSTC Baltic Sea Tourism Center, 33 p.Sokhanvar, A., Çiftçioğlu, S. 2022, Tourism, employment, and economic expansion in Baltics, Tourism Analysis, vol. 27, № 3. p. 403—407, https://doi.org/10.3727/108354222X16510114086352.Rakhmanov, A. B. 2019, Tourism and the structure of attractiveness of the Baltic region metropolises, Baltiс Region, vol. 11, № 2, p. 73—93, https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2019-2-5.Sarancha, M. A. 2020, Assessing competitiveness of the Baltic states in tourism, Baltiс Region, vol. 12, № 3, p. 147—165, https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2020-3-9.Ivanov, I. A., Golomidova, E. S., Terenina, N. K. 2021, Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Change in Volume and Spatial Structure of the Tourist Flow in Finland and Estonia in 2020, Regional Research of Russia, vol. 11, № 3, р. 361—366, https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079970521030059.Livina, A., Bukovska, G., Abols, I., Reddy, G. M. 2021, The Recovery Tactics of the Tourism Industry Amid COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions in the Baltic States, Tourism Destination Management in a Post-Pandemic Context, p. 11—23, https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80071-511-020211001.Сernikovaite, M., Karazijiene, Z. 2021, Social-economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania, SHS Web of Conferences, vol. 92, p. 01—10, https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219201006.Jarvis, J. 2020, ‘Study in Estonia’: the strategic implications of hosting international students on Estonia’s tourism economy, Journal of Baltic Studies, vol. 51, № 2, p. 261—274, https://doi.org/10.1080/01629778.2018.1439847.Ruukel, A., Reimann, M., Tooman, H. 2020, Rural Tourism as a Tool for Sustainable Development: Lessons Learned in Estonia, Tourism Development in Post-Soviet Nations. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, p. 15—29, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30715-8_2.Tooman, H., Muristaja, H. 2014, Developing Estonia as a positively surprising tourist destination, European Tourism Planning and Organisation Systems, p. 106—117, https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845414344-012.Rozite, M., Klepers, A. 2012, Out of the Soviet Union: The re-emergence of Rīga as a tourist capital, Current Issues in Tourism, vol. 15, № 1—2, p. 61—73, https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2011.634895.Spiriajevas, E. 2013, The development of international tourism in Lithuania: a comparative analysis of regional aspects, Baltic region, № 1, p. 116—127, https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2013-1-8.Stanaitis, A., Stanaitis, S. 2017, Lithuanian Tourism Geography, in: Widawski, K., Wyrzykowski, J. (eds.), The Geography of Tourism of Central and Eastern European Countries, Springer, Cham, p 233—280, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42205-3_7.Aleksandrova, A. 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(ed.), Faktornyi diskriminantnyi i klasternyi analiz [Factor discriminant and cluster analysis], Moscow, Publisher Finance and Statistics, p. 139—214 (in Russ.).Ashugatoian, S. G. 2017, Transformation of the spatial structure of internal tourism in Turkey, Geographical bulletin, № 4 (43), p. 153—161. doi: 10.17072/2079-7877-2017-4-153-161 (in Russ.).Gorshkov, V. A., Snitko, V. K. 2009, Z-preobrazovanie v ekonomicheskikh zadachakh [Z-transformation in economic problems], Scientific notes of the Russian state social University, № 7-1, p. 189—192 (in Russ.).Majerova, I., Nevima, J. 2017, The measurement of human development using the Ward method of cluster analysis, Journal of International Studies, vol. 10, № 2, p. 239— 257, https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-2/17.Klepers, A., Smalinskis, J., Livina, A. 2021, Tourism in Latvia through the centuries. History, development, and perspective, Riga, Turiba, 497 p.Balciunas, M., Jasinskas, E., Koisova, E. 2014, Economic contribution of sports event: Analysis of Eurobasket 2011 example, Transformations in business & economics, vol. 13, № 2, p. 41—54.Изменение структуры и географии туристских потоков в балтийском регионеA. G.Manakovhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3223-2688V. K.Krastevhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5456-247XI. N.Krasilnikovahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0351-0327I. A.Ivanovhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4453-2052Tourism suffered more than many other sectors amid Covid-19 travel restrictions. This article looks at the impact of the pandemic on the territorial redistribution of tourist flows in the Baltic region. The study draws on regional annual and monthly data on international and domestic tourist arrivals between 2019 and 2021, available on the websites of the statistical offices of the Baltic Region countries. The regions earlier dependent on tourist arrivals from Russia experienced the largest drop in inbound tourism during the Covid-19 pandemic. Yet, domestic tourism burgeoned in most of the region’s countries. In 2021, the most dramatic increase in domestic arrivals occurred, year on year, in the border regions of Russia’s Northwest Federal District; the growth was also notable in Finland and the Baltic States. Domestic tourist flow compensated, partially or even fully, for the decrease in inbound tourist flow in most regions. The structure of inbound tourism changed markedly during the pandemic, with the share of tourists from the Baltic States growing. The strongest rise was in some regions of southern Finland and more modest in Latvia and Lithuania.0606202613915210.5922/2079-8555-2023-1-8https://balticregion.kantiana.ru/baltic_region/5313/40591/Fedorov, G. M., Zverev, Yu. M., Korneevets, V. S. 2008, Rossiya na Baltike: 1990—2007 gody` [Russia in the Baltic: 1990—2007]. Kaliningrad, 224 p. (in Russ.).Akbulaev, N. N., Mammadov, I. M., Alyev, V. Z. 2020, The effect of the covid-19 pandemic on tourism (Spain, Italy and Turkey), Nauchny`e trudy` Vol`nogo e`konomicheskogo obshhestva Rossii [Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia], vol. 223, № 3, p. 380—390 (in Russ.).Butorov, S. A. 2020, COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the global tourism industry, Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul`tury` i iskusstv [Bulletin of the Moscow State University of Culture and Arts], № 2 (94), p. 116—125 (in Russ.).Danskikh, I. S. 2021, Factor of the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on world tourism, Modern science: actual problems of theory and practice, № 11, p. 23—28, doi: 10.37882/2223-2974.2021.11.10 (in Russ.).Simonyan, G. A., Saryan, A. A. 2020, On the Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Tourism, Modern scientific thought, № 2, p. 158—164 (in Russ.).Telicheva, E. G., Chernov, V. A. 2020, Sustainable development of tourism: content review of the tourism market during the pandemic period, Scientific, technical and economic cooperation between Asia-Pacific countries in the XXI century, vol. 2, p. 136—140 (in Russ.).Sigala, M. 2020, Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research, Journal of Business Research, vol. 117, p. 312—321, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.015.Volkmann, C., Tokarski, K. O., Dincă, V. M, Bogdan, A. 2021, The Impact of COVID-19 on Romanian Tourism. An Explorative Case Study on Prahova County, Romania, Amfiteatru Economic, vol. 23, № 56, p. 196—205, https://doi.org/10.24818/EA/2021/56/196.Krotenko, I. 2021, Problems of tourism in the conditions of coronavirus, Vector European: Revistă Științifico-Practică, № 1, p. 110—115, https://doi.org/10.52507/2345-1106.2021-1.22 (in Russ.).Ivanov, I. A., Golomidova, E. S., Terenina, N. 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Reg., vol. 14, № 1, p. 75—89, https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2022-1-5.Геополитическая безопасность России: к постановке проблемыY. A.Vorozheinahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4777-2051A. P.Klemeshevhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6343-3263N. A.Komlevahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0184-6182A. G.Druzhininhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1642-6335V. K.BelozerovG. M.Fedorovhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4267-2369K. Yu.Voloshenkohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-0155This paper summarizes the results of the seminar “Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement”, held on August 26, 2022, at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad. During the seminar, the Institute of Geopolitical and Regional Studies of the university announced an initiative to devise a system of monitoring the geopolitical (regional) security of Russia. The debate centred around the development of a conceptual framework and a geopolitical security model as a prerequisite for the system. 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К 100-летию со времени установления дипломатических отношенийK. K.Khudoley0606202617017210.5922/2079-8555-2023-1-10https://balticregion.kantiana.ru/baltic_region/5315/40593/